• Mutation; HGNC; HGNC:5382; IDH1; None_reported; -; Zygosity=- (PubMed=19435942).
  
• Mutation; HGNC; HGNC:9588; PTEN; Simple; c.1026+1G>T (IVS8+1G>T); ClinVar=VCV000635377; Zygosity=Homozygous; Note=Splice donor mutation (PubMed=10560660; Cosmic-CLP=687588).
  
• Mutation; HGNC; HGNC:11998; TP53; Simple; p.Arg213Gln (c.638G>A); ClinVar=VCV000135359; Zygosity=Homozygous (PubMed=10416987; Cosmic-CLP=687588).
  

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Jan Ponten, Elisabeth H. Macintyre;
Long term culture of normal and neoplastic human glia.
Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 74:465-486(1968)

PubMed=4312117; DOI=10.1242/jcs.5.3.583
Elisabeth H. Macintyre, R.A. Grimes, Albert E. Vatter;
Cytology and growth characteristics of human tumour astrocytes transformed by Rous sarcoma virus.
J. Cell Sci. 5:583-602(1969)

PubMed=4337530; DOI=10.1111/j.1699-0463.1972.tb02176.x
Elisabeth H. Macintyre, Jan Ponten, Albert E. Vatter;
The ultrastructure of human and murine astrocytes and of human fibroblasts in culture.
Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. A. 80:267-283(1972)

PubMed=4134536; DOI=10.1002/ijc.2910120215
Bengt Westermark;
The deficient density-dependent growth control of human malignant glioma cells and virus-transformed glia-like cells in culture.
Int. J. Cancer 12:438-451(1973)

PubMed=4369403; DOI=10.1002/1097-0142(197408)34:2<274::AID-CNCR2820340209>3.0.CO;2-4
Torsten Wahlstrom, Ewert Linder, Eero Saksela, Bengt Westermark;
Tumor-specific membrane antigens in established cell lines from gliomas.
Cancer 34:274-279(1974)

DOI=10.1007/978-1-4757-1647-4_7
Jan Ponten;
Neoplastic human glia cells in culture.
(In book chapter) Human tumor cells in vitro; Fogh, Jorgen (eds.); pp.175-206; Springer; New York; USA (1975)

PubMed=327080; DOI=10.1093/jnci/59.1.221
Jorgen Fogh, Jens M. Fogh, Thomas Orfeo;
One hundred and twenty-seven cultured human tumor cell lines producing tumors in nude mice.
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 59:221-226(1977)

PubMed=833871; DOI=10.1093/jnci/58.2.209
Jorgen Fogh, William C. Wright, James D. Loveless;
Absence of HeLa cell contamination in 169 cell lines derived from human tumors.
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58:209-214(1977)

PubMed=450131; DOI=10.1038/279797a0
Rufus S. Day 3rd, Chuck H.J. Ziolkowski;
Human brain tumour cell strains with deficient host-cell reactivation of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-damaged adenovirus 5.
Nature 279:797-799(1979)

PubMed=6260907; DOI=10.1097/00005072-198105000-00001
Darell Doty Bigner, Sandra H. Bigner, Jan Ponten, Bengt Westermark, Moses Stephen Mahaley Jr., Erkki Ruoslahti, Harvey R. Herschman, Lawrence F. Eng, Carol J. Wikstrand;
Heterogeneity of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of fifteen permanent cell lines derived from human gliomas.
J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 40:201-229(1981)

PubMed=7017212; DOI=10.1093/jnci/66.6.1003
Marilyn S. Pollack, Socorro D. Heagney, Philip O. Livingston, Jorgen Fogh;
HLA-A, B, C and DR alloantigen expression on forty-six cultured human tumor cell lines.
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 66:1003-1012(1981)

PubMed=7459858
Monique Rousset, Alain Zweibaum, Jorgen Fogh;
Presence of glycogen and growth-related variations in 58 cultured human tumor cell lines of various tissue origins.
Cancer Res. 41:1165-1170(1981)

PubMed=6220172
Nicholas C. Dracopoli, Jorgen Fogh;
Polymorphic enzyme analysis of cultured human tumor cell lines.
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 70:469-476(1983)

PubMed=3518877; DOI=10.3109/07357908609038260
Jorgen Fogh;
Human tumor lines for cancer research.
Cancer Invest. 4:157-184(1986)

PubMed=3675803
Sandra H. Bigner, Rolf Bjerkvig, Ole Didrik Laerum, Laurence H. Muhlbaier, Darell Doty Bigner;
DNA content and chromosomes in permanent cultured cell lines derived from malignant human gliomas.
Anal. Quant. Cytol. Histol. 9:435-444(1987)

PubMed=2454731
Monica Nister, Towia Aron Libermann, Christer Betsholtz, Monica Pettersson, Lena Claesson-Welsh, Carl-Henrik Heldin, Joseph Schlessinger, Bengt Westermark;
Expression of messenger RNAs for platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-alpha and their receptors in human malignant glioma cell lines.
Cancer Res. 48:3910-3918(1988)

PubMed=2253244
Sandra H. Bigner, Peter A. Humphrey, Albert J. Wong, Bert Vogelstein, Joachim Mark, Henry Seth Friedman, Darell Doty Bigner;
Characterization of the epidermal growth factor receptor in human glioma cell lines and xenografts.
Cancer Res. 50:8017-8022(1990)

DOI=10.1016/B978-0-12-333530-2.50005-8
Monica Nister, Bengt Westermark;
Human glioma cell lines.
(In book chapter) Atlas of human tumor cell lines; Hay, Robert J. & Park, Jae-Gahb & Gazdar, Adi F. (eds.); pp.17-42; Academic Press; New York; USA (1994)

PubMed=9220028; DOI=10.1016/S0303-7207(97)00080-4
Taraneh R. Sharif, Wei Luo, Mohammed Sharif;
Functional expression of bombesin receptor in most adult and pediatric human glioblastoma cell lines; role in mitogenesis and in stimulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway.
Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 130:119-130(1997)

DOI=10.1007/0-306-46861-1_11
Francis Ali-Osman;
Brain tumors.
(In book chapter) Human cell culture. Vol. 2. Cancer cell lines part 2; Masters, John R.W. & Palsson, Bernhard Orn (eds.); pp.167-184; Kluwer Academic Publishers; New York; USA (1999)

PubMed=10402232; DOI=10.3892/ijo.15.2.237
Taraneh R. Sharif, Mohammed Sharif;
Overexpression of protein kinase C epsilon in astroglial brain tumor derived cell lines and primary tumor samples.
Int. J. Oncol. 15:237-243(1999)

PubMed=10416987; DOI=10.1111/j.1750-3639.1999.tb00536.x; PMCID=PMC8098486
Nobuaki Ishii, Daniel Maier, Adrian Merlo, Mitsuhiro Tada, Yutaka Sawamura, Annie-Claire Diserens, Erwin G. Van Meir;
Frequent co-alterations of TP53, p16/CDKN2A, p14ARF, PTEN tumor suppressor genes in human glioma cell lines.
Brain Pathol. 9:469-479(1999)

PubMed=10560660; DOI=10.1097/00005072-199911000-00007
Esther E. Schmidt, Koichi Ichimura, Helena M. Goike, Ahmad Moshref, Lu Liu, Vincent Peter Collins;
Mutational profile of the PTEN gene in primary human astrocytic tumors and cultivated xenografts.
J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 58:1170-1183(1999)

PubMed=11414198; DOI=10.1007/s004320000207
Harald Lahm, Sabine Andre, Andreas Hoeflich, Jurgen R. Fischer, Bernard Sordat, Herbert Kaltner, Eckhard Wolf, Hans-Joachim Gabius;
Comprehensive galectin fingerprinting in a panel of 61 human tumor cell lines by RT-PCR and its implications for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 127:375-386(2001)

PubMed=16697959; DOI=10.1016/j.ccr.2006.03.030
Jeongwu Lee, Svetlana Kotliarova, Yuri Kotliarov, Ai-Guo Li, Qin Su, Nicholas Murray Donin, Sandra Pastorino, Benjamin W. Purow, Neil Christopher, Wei Zhang, John K. Park, Howard Alan Fine;
Tumor stem cells derived from glioblastomas cultured in bFGF and EGF more closely mirror the phenotype and genotype of primary tumors than do serum-cultured cell lines.
Cancer Cell 9:391-403(2006)

PubMed=19365568; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0005209; PMCID=PMC2666263
Dorine Arjanne Bax, Suzanne E. Little, Nathalie Gaspar, Lara Perryman, Lynley Marshall, Marta Viana-Pereira, Tania A. Jones, Richard D. Williams, Anita Grigoriadis, Gilles Vassal, Paul Workman ...Show all 16 authors... , Denise Sheer, Rui Manuel Reis, Andrew D.J. Pearson, Darren Hargrave, Chris Jones; Show fewer authors
Molecular and phenotypic characterisation of paediatric glioma cell lines as models for preclinical drug development.
PLoS ONE 4:e5209.1-e5209.9(2009)

PubMed=19435942; DOI=10.1215/15228517-2009-025; PMCID=PMC2743214
Koichi Ichimura, Danita M. Pearson, Sylvia Kocialkowski, L. Magnus Backlund, Raymond Chan, David T.W. Jones, Vincent Peter Collins;
IDH1 mutations are present in the majority of common adult gliomas but rare in primary glioblastomas.
Neuro-oncol. 11:341-347(2009)

PubMed=20143388; DOI=10.1002/ijc.25242
Amanda Capes-Davis, George Theodosopoulos, Isobel Atkin, Hans Gunther Drexler, Arihiro Kohara, Roderick A.F. MacLeod, John R.W. Masters, Yukio Nakamura, Yvonne A. Reid, Roger Robert Reddel, Robert Ian Freshney;
Check your cultures! A list of cross-contaminated or misidentified cell lines.
Int. J. Cancer 127:1-8(2010)

PubMed=20164919; DOI=10.1038/nature08768; PMCID=PMC3145113
Graham Robert Bignell, Christopher D. Greenman, Helen R. Davies, Adam P. Butler, Sarah Edkins, Jenny M. Andrews, Gemma Buck, Lina Chen, David Beare, Calli Latimer, Sara Widaa ...Show all 22 authors... , Jonathan Hinton, Ciara Fahey, Bei-Yuan Fu, Sajani Swamy, Gillian L. Dalgliesh, Bin Tean Teh, Panos Deloukas, Feng-Tang Yang, Peter J. Campbell, P. Andrew Futreal, Michael Rudolf Stratton; Show fewer authors
Signatures of mutation and selection in the cancer genome.
Nature 463:893-898(2010)

PubMed=22460905; DOI=10.1038/nature11003; PMCID=PMC3320027
Jordi Ginesta Barretina, Giordano Caponigro, Nicolas Stransky, Kavitha Venkatesan, Adam A. Margolin, Sungjoon Kim, Christopher J. Wilson, Joseph Lehar, Gregory V. Kryukov, Dmitriy Sonkin, Anupama Reddy ...Show all 61 authors... , Manway Liu, Lauren Murray, Michael F. Berger, John E. Monahan, Paula Morais, Jodi Meltzer, Adam Korejwa, Judit Jane-Valbuena, Felipa A. Mapa, Joseph Thibault, Eva Bric-Furlong, Pichai Raman, Aaron Shipway, Ingo H. Engels, Jill Cheng, Guo-Ying K. Yu, Jian-Jun Yu, Peter Aspesi Jr., Melanie de Silva, Kalpana Jagtap, Michael D. Jones, Li Wang, Charles Hatton, Emanuele Palescandolo, Supriya Gupta, Scott Mahan, Carrie Sougnez, Robert C. Onofrio, Ted Liefeld, Laura E. MacConaill, Wendy Winckler, Michael Reich, Nan-Xin Li, Jill P. Mesirov, Stacey B. Gabriel, Gad Getz, Kristin Ardlie, Vivien Chan, Vic E. Myer, Barbara L. Weber, Jeff Porter, Markus Warmuth, Peter Finan, Jennifer L. Harris, Matthew Langer Meyerson, Todd Robert Golub, Michael P. Morrissey, William Raj Sellers, Robert Schlegel, Levi Alexander Garraway; Show fewer authors
The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia enables predictive modelling of anticancer drug sensitivity.
Nature 483:603-607(2012)

PubMed=22570425; DOI=10.1093/neuonc/nos072; PMCID=PMC3367844
Pierre Bady, Annie-Claire Diserens, Vincent Castella, Stefanie Kalt, Karl Heinimann, Marie-France Hamou, Mauro Delorenzi, Monika E. Hegi;
DNA fingerprinting of glioma cell lines and considerations on similarity measurements.
Neuro-oncol. 14:701-711(2012)

PubMed=27397505; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2016.06.017; PMCID=PMC4967469
Francesco Iorio, Theo A. Knijnenburg, Daniel J. Vis, Graham Robert Bignell, Michael Patrick Menden, Michael Schubert, Nanne Aben, Emanuel Goncalves, Syd Barthorpe, Howard Lightfoot, Thomas Cokelaer ...Show all 39 authors... , Patricia Greninger, Ewald van Dyk, Han Chang, Heshani de Silva, Holger Heyn, Xian-Ming Deng, Regina K. Egan, Qing-Song Liu, Tatiana Mironenko, Xeni Mitropoulos, Laura Richardson, Jin-Hua Wang, Ting-Hu Zhang, Sebastian Moran, Sergi Sayols, Maryam Soleimani, David Tamborero, Nuria Lopez-Bigas, Petra Ross-Macdonald, Manel Esteller, Nathanael S. Gray, Daniel Arie Haber, Michael Rudolf Stratton, Cyril Henri Benes, Lodewyk F.A. Wessels, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Ultan McDermott, Mathew J. Garnett; Show fewer authors
A landscape of pharmacogenomic interactions in cancer.
Cell 166:740-754(2016)

PubMed=27582061; DOI=10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf6853
Marie Allen, Mia Bjerke, Hanna Edlund, Sven Nelander, Bengt Westermark;
Origin of the U87MG glioma cell line: good news and bad news.
Sci. Transl. Med. 8:354re3.1-354re3.4(2016)

PubMed=30894373; DOI=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-2747; PMCID=PMC6445675
Julie Dutil, Zhi-Hua Chen, Alvaro N.A. Monteiro, Jamie K. Teer, Steven A. Eschrich;
An interactive resource to probe genetic diversity and estimated ancestry in cancer cell lines.
Cancer Res. 79:1263-1273(2019)

PubMed=31068700; DOI=10.1038/s41586-019-1186-3; PMCID=PMC6697103
Mahmoud Ghandi, Franklin W. Huang, Judit Jane-Valbuena, Gregory V. Kryukov, Christopher C. Lo, E. Robert McDonald 3rd, Jordi Ginesta Barretina, Ellen T. Gelfand, Craig M. Bielski, Hao-Xin Li, Kevin Hu ...Show all 68 authors... , Alexander Y. Andreev-Drakhlin, Jaegil Kim, Julian M. Hess, Brian J. Haas, Francois Aguet, Barbara A. Weir, Michael V. Rothberg, Brenton R. Paolella, Michael Scott Lawrence, Rehan Akbani, Yi-Ling Lu, Hong L. Tiv, Prafulla C. Gokhale, Antoine de Weck, Ali Amin Mansour, Coyin Oh, Juliann Shih, Kevin Hadi, Yanay Rosen, Jonathan Bistline, Kavitha Venkatesan, Anupama Reddy, Dmitriy Sonkin, Manway Liu, Joseph Lehar, Joshua M. Korn, Dale A. Porter, Michael D. Jones, Javad Golji, Giordano Caponigro, Jordan E. Taylor, Caitlin M. Dunning, Amanda L. Creech, Allison C. Warren, James M. McFarland, Mahdi Zamanighomi, Audrey Kauffmann, Nicolas Stransky, Marcin Imielinski, Yosef E. Maruvka, Andrew D. Cherniack, Aviad Tsherniak, Francisca Vazquez, Jacob D. Jaffe, Andrew Alan Lane, David M. Weinstock, Cory M. Johannessen, Michael P. Morrissey, Frank Stegmeier, Robert Schlegel, William Chun Hahn, Gad Getz, Gordon B. Mills, Jesse S. Boehm, Todd Robert Golub, Levi Alexander Garraway, William Raj Sellers; Show fewer authors
Next-generation characterization of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia.
Nature 569:503-508(2019)

PubMed=31978347; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2019.12.023; PMCID=PMC7339254
David Paul Nusinow, John Szpyt, Mahmoud Ghandi, Christopher M. Rose, E. Robert McDonald 3rd, Marian Kalocsay, Judit Jane-Valbuena, Ellen T. Gelfand, Devin K. Schweppe, Mark P. Jedrychowski, Javad Golji ...Show all 20 authors... , Dale A. Porter, Tomas Rejtar, Y. Karen Wang, Gregory V. Kryukov, Frank Stegmeier, Brian K. Erickson, Levi Alexander Garraway, William Raj Sellers, Steven P. Gygi; Show fewer authors
Quantitative proteomics of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia.
Cell 180:387-402.e16(2020)

PubMed=35839778; DOI=10.1016/j.ccell.2022.06.010; PMCID=PMC9387775
Emanuel Goncalves, Rebecca C. Poulos, Zhao-Xiang Cai, Syd Barthorpe, Srikanth S. Manda, Natasha Lucas, Alexandra Beck, Daniel Bucio-Noble, Michael Dausmann, Caitlin Hall, Michael Hecker ...Show all 32 authors... , Jennifer Koh, Howard Lightfoot, Sadia Mahboob, Iman Mali, James Morris, Laura Richardson, Akila J. Seneviratne, Rebecca Shepherd, Erin Sykes, Frances Thomas, Sara Valentini, Steven G. Williams, Yang-Xiu Wu, Dylan Xavier, Karen L. MacKenzie, Peter G. Hains, Brett Tully, Phillip James Robinson, Qing Zhong, Mathew J. Garnett, Roger Robert Reddel; Show fewer authors
Pan-cancer proteomic map of 949 human cell lines.
Cancer Cell 40:835-849.e8(2022)