• Gene deletion; HGNC; HGNC:1787; CDKN2A; Zygosity=Homozygous (PubMed=18160777; PubMed=19787792).
  
• Gene fusion; HGNC; HGNC:3508; EWSR1 + HGNC; HGNC:3749; FLI1; Name(s)=EWSR1-FLI1, EWS-FLI1; Note=Type 2 fusion (Ex7/Ex5) (PubMed=8040301; PubMed=9738976; PubMed=11423975; PubMed=11891184; PubMed=25010205; PubMed=36476851).
  
• Mutation; HGNC; HGNC:11355; STAG2; Simple; p.Gln735Ter (c.2203C>T); Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=25010205; PubMed=25223734).
  
• Mutation; HGNC; HGNC:11998; TP53; Simple; p.Cys176Phe (c.527G>T); ClinVar=VCV000376569; Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=8221663; PubMed=8378080; PubMed=19787792; PubMed=25010205; PubMed=25223734; PubMed=26428435).
  

PubMed=327080; DOI=10.1093/jnci/59.1.221
Jorgen Fogh, Jens M. Fogh, Thomas Orfeo;
One hundred and twenty-seven cultured human tumor cell lines producing tumors in nude mice.
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 59:221-226(1977)

PubMed=833871; DOI=10.1093/jnci/58.2.209
Jorgen Fogh, William C. Wright, James D. Loveless;
Absence of HeLa cell contamination in 169 cell lines derived from human tumors.
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58:209-214(1977)

PubMed=6220172
Nicholas C. Dracopoli, Jorgen Fogh;
Polymorphic enzyme analysis of cultured human tumor cell lines.
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 70:469-476(1983)

PubMed=3518877; DOI=10.3109/07357908609038260
Jorgen Fogh;
Human tumor lines for cancer research.
Cancer Invest. 4:157-184(1986)

PubMed=8221663
Hiroaki Komuro, Yasuhide Hayashi, Machiko Kawamura, Kenshi Hayashi, Yasuhiko Kaneko, Shigehiko Kamoshita, Ryoji Hanada, Keiko Yamamoto, Teruaki Hongo, Masao Yamada, Yoshiaki Tsuchida;
Mutations of the p53 gene are involved in Ewing's sarcomas but not in neuroblastomas.
Cancer Res. 53:5284-5288(1993)

PubMed=8378080
Heinrich Kovar, Andreas Auinger, Gunhild Jug, Dave N.T. Aryee, Andreas Zoubek, Mechthild Salzer-Kuntschik, Helmut Gadner;
Narrow spectrum of infrequent p53 mutations and absence of MDM2 amplification in Ewing tumours.
Oncogene 8:2683-2690(1993)

PubMed=8040301; DOI=10.1172/JCI117360; PMCID=PMC295111
Marco Giovannini, Jaclyn A. Biegel, Massimo Serra, Jian-Ying Wang, Ya-Lin H. Wei, Lynn M. Nycum, Beverly S. Emanuel, Glen A. Evans;
EWS-erg and EWS-Fli1 fusion transcripts in Ewing's sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors with variant translocations.
J. Clin. Invest. 94:489-496(1994)

PubMed=8617485; DOI=10.1016/S0046-8177(96)90115-X
Katia Scotlandi, Massimo Serra, Maria Cristina Manara, Stefania Benini, Manuela Sarti, Daniela Maurici, Pier-Luigi Lollini, Piero Picci, Francesco Bertoni, Nicola Baldini;
Immunostaining of the p30/32MIC2 antigen and molecular detection of EWS rearrangements for the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma and peripheral neuroectodermal tumor.
Hum. Pathol. 27:408-416(1996)

PubMed=9738976; DOI=10.1111/j.1349-7006.1998.tb03274.x; PMCID=PMC5921883
Fumihiko Urano, Akihiro Umezawa, Hiroki Yabe, Wei Hong, Koichi Yoshida, Kei Fujinaga, Jun-ichi Hata;
Molecular analysis of Ewing's sarcoma: another fusion gene, EWS-E1AF, available for diagnosis.
Jpn. J. Cancer Res. 89:703-711(1998)

PubMed=11423975; DOI=10.1038/sj.onc.1204437
Luce Dauphinot, Catherine De Oliveira, Thomas Melot, Nicolas Sevenet, Venetia Thomas, Bernard E. Weissman, Olivier Delattre;
Analysis of the expression of cell cycle regulators in Ewing cell lines: EWS-FLI-1 modulates p57KIP2and c-Myc expression.
Oncogene 20:3258-3265(2001)

PubMed=11891184; DOI=10.1016/S0002-9440(10)64908-5; PMCID=PMC1867180
Maria Cristina Manara, Bernard Perbal, Stefania Benini, Rosaria Strammiello, Vanessa Cerisano, Stefania Perdichizzi, Massimo Serra, Annalisa Astolfi, Francesco Bertoni, Jennifer Alami, Herman Yeger ...Show all 13 authors... , Piero Picci, Katia Scotlandi; Show fewer authors
The expression of ccn3(nov) gene in musculoskeletal tumors.
Am. J. Pathol. 160:849-859(2002)

PubMed=12054564; DOI=10.1016/S0006-291X(02)00129-8
Hiroki Yabe, Mariko Fukuma, Fumihiko Urano, Koichi Yoshida, Shingo Kato, Yoshiaki Toyama, Jun-ichi Hata, Akihiro Umezawa;
Lack of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and -3 expression in Ewing sarcoma may be due to loss of accessibility of the MMP regulatory element to the specific fusion protein in vivo.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 293:61-71(2002)

PubMed=18082704; DOI=10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.08.026
Hiroaki Komuro, Ryoko Saihara, Miki Shinya, Junko Takita, Setsuko Kaneko, Michio Kaneko, Yasuhide Hayashi;
Identification of side population cells (stem-like cell population) in pediatric solid tumor cell lines.
J. Pediatr. Surg. 42:2040-2045(2007)

PubMed=18160777; DOI=10.1159/000109614
Suvi Savola, Filippo Nardi, Katia Scotlandi, Piero Picci, Sakari Knuutila;
Microdeletions in 9p21.3 induce false negative results in CDKN2A FISH analysis of Ewing sarcoma.
Cytogenet. Genome Res. 119:21-26(2007)

PubMed=19787792; DOI=10.1002/gcc.20717
Laura Ottaviano, Karl-Ludwig Schaefer, Melanie Gajewski, Wolfgang Huckenbeck, Stefan E. Baldus, Uwe Rogel, Carlos Mackintosh, Enrique de Alava, Ola Myklebost, Stine Henrichson Kresse, Leonardo Andres Meza-Zepeda ...Show all 18 authors... , Massimo Serra, Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen, Pancras Cornelis Wilhelmus Hogendoorn, Horst Buerger, Thomas Aigner, Helmut Erich Gabbert, Christopher Poremba; Show fewer authors
Molecular characterization of commonly used cell lines for bone tumor research: a trans-European EuroBoNet effort.
Genes Chromosomes Cancer 49:40-51(2010)

PubMed=20215515; DOI=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-3458; PMCID=PMC2881662
S. Michael Rothenberg, Gayatry Mohapatra, Miguel N. Rivera, Daniel Winokur, Patricia Greninger, Mai Nitta, Peter M. Sadow, Gaya Sooriyakumar, Brian W. Brannigan, Matthew J. Ulman, Rushika M. Perera ...Show all 22 authors... , Rui Wang, Angela Tam, Xiao-Jun Ma, Mark Erlander, Dennis C. Sgroi, James W. Rocco, Mark W. Lingen, Ezra E.W. Cohen, David Neil Louis, Jeffrey Settleman, Daniel Arie Haber; Show fewer authors
A genome-wide screen for microdeletions reveals disruption of polarity complex genes in diverse human cancers.
Cancer Res. 70:2158-2164(2010)

PubMed=21822310; DOI=10.1038/onc.2011.317
Carlos Mackintosh, Jose L. Ordonez, Daniel J. Garcia-Dominguez, Vicky Sevillano, Antonio Llombart-Bosch, Karoly Szuhai, Katia Scotlandi, Marco Alberghini, Raf Sciot, Friedl Sinnaeve, Pancras Cornelis Wilhelmus Hogendoorn ...Show all 17 authors... , Piero Picci, Sakari Knuutila, Uta Dirksen, Maria Debiec-Rychter, Karl-Ludwig Schaefer, Enrique de Alava; Show fewer authors
1q gain and CDT2 overexpression underlie an aggressive and highly proliferative form of Ewing sarcoma.
Oncogene 31:1287-1298(2012)

PubMed=22142829; DOI=10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-2056; PMCID=PMC3271129
Neerav Shukla, Nabahet Ameur, Ismail Yilmaz, Khedoudja Nafa, Chyau-Yueh Lau, Angela Marchetti, Laetitia Borsu, Frederic G. Barr, Marc Ladanyi;
Oncogene mutation profiling of pediatric solid tumors reveals significant subsets of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma with mutated genes in growth signaling pathways.
Clin. Cancer Res. 18:748-757(2012)

PubMed=22460905; DOI=10.1038/nature11003; PMCID=PMC3320027
Jordi Ginesta Barretina, Giordano Caponigro, Nicolas Stransky, Kavitha Venkatesan, Adam A. Margolin, Sungjoon Kim, Christopher J. Wilson, Joseph Lehar, Gregory V. Kryukov, Dmitriy Sonkin, Anupama Reddy ...Show all 61 authors... , Manway Liu, Lauren Murray, Michael F. Berger, John E. Monahan, Paula Morais, Jodi Meltzer, Adam Korejwa, Judit Jane-Valbuena, Felipa A. Mapa, Joseph Thibault, Eva Bric-Furlong, Pichai Raman, Aaron Shipway, Ingo H. Engels, Jill Cheng, Guo-Ying K. Yu, Jian-Jun Yu, Peter Aspesi Jr., Melanie de Silva, Kalpana Jagtap, Michael D. Jones, Li Wang, Charles Hatton, Emanuele Palescandolo, Supriya Gupta, Scott Mahan, Carrie Sougnez, Robert C. Onofrio, Ted Liefeld, Laura E. MacConaill, Wendy Winckler, Michael Reich, Nan-Xin Li, Jill P. Mesirov, Stacey B. Gabriel, Gad Getz, Kristin Ardlie, Vivien Chan, Vic E. Myer, Barbara L. Weber, Jeff Porter, Markus Warmuth, Peter Finan, Jennifer L. Harris, Matthew Langer Meyerson, Todd Robert Golub, Michael P. Morrissey, William Raj Sellers, Robert Schlegel, Levi Alexander Garraway; Show fewer authors
The Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia enables predictive modelling of anticancer drug sensitivity.
Nature 483:603-607(2012)

PubMed=25010205; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004475; PMCID=PMC4091782
Andrew S. Brohl, David A. Solomon, Wendy Chang, Jian-Jun Wang, Young Song, Sivasish Sindiri, Rajesh Patidar, Laura Hurd, Li Chen, Jack F. Shern, Hong-Ling Liao ...Show all 26 authors... , Xin-Yu Wen, Julia Gerard, Jung-Sik Kim, Jose Antonio Lopez Guerrero, Isidro Machado, Daniel H. Wai, Piero Picci, Timothy J. Triche, Andrew E. Horvai, Markku Martti Miettinen, Jun S. Wei, Daniel Catchpoole, Antonio Llombart-Bosch, Todd A. Waldman, Javed Khan; Show fewer authors
The genomic landscape of the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors reveals recurrent STAG2 mutation.
PLoS Genet. 10:e1004475.1-e1004475.13(2014)

PubMed=25223734; DOI=10.1158/2159-8290.CD-14-0622; PMCID=PMC4264969
Franck Tirode, Didier Surdez, Xiao-Tu Ma, Matthew Parker, Marie-Cecile Le Deley, Armita Bahrami, Zhao-Jie Zhang, Eve Lapouble, Sandrine Grossetete-Lalami, Michael Rusch, Stephanie Reynaud ...Show all 35 authors... , Thomas Rio-Frio, Erin Hedlund, Gang Wu, Xiang Chen, Gaelle Pierron, Odile Oberlin, Sakina Zaidi, Gordon Lemmon, Pankaj Gupta, Bhavin Vadodaria, John Easton, Marta Gut, Li Ding, Elaine R. Mardis, Richard K. Wilson, Sheila Shurtleff, Valerie Laurence, Jean Michon, Perrine Marec-Berard, Ivo G. Gut, James R. Downing, Michael Anthony Dyer, Jing-Hui Zhang, Olivier Delattre; Show fewer authors
International Cancer Genome Consortium
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital-Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project
Genomic landscape of Ewing sarcoma defines an aggressive subtype with co-association of STAG2 and TP53 mutations.
Cancer Discov. 4:1342-1353(2014)

PubMed=25877200; DOI=10.1038/nature14397
Ma-Mie Yu, Suresh K. Selvaraj, May M.Y. Liang-Chu, Sahar Aghajani, Matthew Busse, Jean Yuan, Genee Lee, Franklin V. Peale, Christiaan Klijn, Richard Bourgon, Joshua S. Kaminker, Richard M. Neve;
A resource for cell line authentication, annotation and quality control.
Nature 520:307-311(2015)

PubMed=26351324; DOI=10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-15-0074; PMCID=PMC4636476
Beverly A. Teicher, Eric C. Polley, Mark W. Kunkel, David Evans, Thomas E. Silvers, Rene M. Delosh, Julie Laudeman, Chad Ogle, Russell Reinhart, Michael Selby, John Connelly ...Show all 14 authors... , Erik Harris, Anne Monks, Joel Morris; Show fewer authors
Sarcoma cell line screen of oncology drugs and investigational agents identifies patterns associated with gene and microRNA expression.
Mol. Cancer Ther. 14:2452-2462(2015)

PubMed=26428435; DOI=10.1016/j.ejca.2015.08.020
Laurens G.L. Sand, Katia Scotlandi, Dagmar Berghuis, B. Ewa Snaar-Jagalska, Piero Picci, Thomas Schmidt, Karoly Szuhai, Pancras Cornelis Wilhelmus Hogendoorn;
CXCL14, CXCR7 expression and CXCR4 splice variant ratio associate with survival and metastases in Ewing sarcoma patients.
Eur. J. Cancer 51:2624-2633(2015)

PubMed=26589293; DOI=10.1186/s13073-015-0240-5; PMCID=PMC4653878
Jelle Scholtalbers, Sebastian Boegel, Thomas Bukur, Marius Byl, Sebastian Goerges, Patrick Sorn, Martin Loewer, Ugur Sahin, John C. Castle;
TCLP: an online cancer cell line catalogue integrating HLA type, predicted neo-epitopes, virus and gene expression.
Genome Med. 7:118.1-118.7(2015)

PubMed=27397505; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2016.06.017; PMCID=PMC4967469
Francesco Iorio, Theo A. Knijnenburg, Daniel J. Vis, Graham Robert Bignell, Michael Patrick Menden, Michael Schubert, Nanne Aben, Emanuel Goncalves, Syd Barthorpe, Howard Lightfoot, Thomas Cokelaer ...Show all 39 authors... , Patricia Greninger, Ewald van Dyk, Han Chang, Heshani de Silva, Holger Heyn, Xian-Ming Deng, Regina K. Egan, Qing-Song Liu, Tatiana Mironenko, Xeni Mitropoulos, Laura Richardson, Jin-Hua Wang, Ting-Hu Zhang, Sebastian Moran, Sergi Sayols, Maryam Soleimani, David Tamborero, Nuria Lopez-Bigas, Petra Ross-Macdonald, Manel Esteller, Nathanael S. Gray, Daniel Arie Haber, Michael Rudolf Stratton, Cyril Henri Benes, Lodewyk F.A. Wessels, Julio Saez-Rodriguez, Ultan McDermott, Mathew J. Garnett; Show fewer authors
A landscape of pharmacogenomic interactions in cancer.
Cell 166:740-754(2016)

PubMed=28196595; DOI=10.1016/j.ccell.2017.01.005; PMCID=PMC5501076
Jun Li, Wei Zhao, Rehan Akbani, Wen-Bin Liu, Zhen-Lin Ju, Shi-Yun Ling, Christopher P. Vellano, Paul Roebuck, Qing-Hua Yu, A. Karina Eterovic, Lauren Averett Byers ...Show all 25 authors... , Michael A. Davies, Wan-Leng Deng, Y.N. Vashisht Gopal, Guo Chen, Erika Maria von Euw, Dennis Joseph Slamon, Dylan Conklin, John Victor Heymach, Adi F. Gazdar, John D. Minna, Jeffrey N. Myers, Yi-Ling Lu, Gordon B. Mills, Han Liang; Show fewer authors
Characterization of human cancer cell lines by reverse-phase protein arrays.
Cancer Cell 31:225-239(2017)

PubMed=29464090; DOI=10.18632/oncotarget.23815; PMCID=PMC5814230
Christian Spurny, Sareetha Kailayangiri, Bianca Altvater, Silke Jamitzky, Wolfgang Hartmann, Eva Wardelmann, Andreas Ranft, Uta Dirksen, Susanne Amler, Jendrik Hardes, Maike Fluegge ...Show all 15 authors... , Jutta Meltzer, Nicole Farwick, Lea Greune, Claudia Rossig; Show fewer authors
T cell infiltration into Ewing sarcomas is associated with local expression of immune-inhibitory HLA-G.
Oncotarget 9:6536-6549(2018)

PubMed=30879952; DOI=10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.02.014; PMCID=PMC6520468
Sareetha Kailayangiri, Bianca Altvater, Stefanie Lesch, Sebastian T. Balbach, Claudia Gottlich, Johanna Kuhnemundt, Jan-Henrik Mikesch, Sonja Schelhaas, Silke Jamitzky, Jutta Meltzer, Nicole Farwick ...Show all 20 authors... , Lea Greune, Maike Fluegge, Kornelius Kerl, Holger N. Lode, Nikolai Siebert, Ingo Muller, Heike Walles, Wolfgang Hartmann, Claudia Rossig; Show fewer authors
EZH2 inhibition in Ewing sarcoma upregulates GD2 expression for targeting with gene-modified T cells.
Mol. Ther. 27:933-946(2019)

PubMed=30894373; DOI=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-18-2747; PMCID=PMC6445675
Julie Dutil, Zhi-Hua Chen, Alvaro N.A. Monteiro, Jamie K. Teer, Steven A. Eschrich;
An interactive resource to probe genetic diversity and estimated ancestry in cancer cell lines.
Cancer Res. 79:1263-1273(2019)

PubMed=31068700; DOI=10.1038/s41586-019-1186-3; PMCID=PMC6697103
Mahmoud Ghandi, Franklin W. Huang, Judit Jane-Valbuena, Gregory V. Kryukov, Christopher C. Lo, E. Robert McDonald 3rd, Jordi Ginesta Barretina, Ellen T. Gelfand, Craig M. Bielski, Hao-Xin Li, Kevin Hu ...Show all 68 authors... , Alexander Y. Andreev-Drakhlin, Jaegil Kim, Julian M. Hess, Brian J. Haas, Francois Aguet, Barbara A. Weir, Michael V. Rothberg, Brenton R. Paolella, Michael Scott Lawrence, Rehan Akbani, Yi-Ling Lu, Hong L. Tiv, Prafulla C. Gokhale, Antoine de Weck, Ali Amin Mansour, Coyin Oh, Juliann Shih, Kevin Hadi, Yanay Rosen, Jonathan Bistline, Kavitha Venkatesan, Anupama Reddy, Dmitriy Sonkin, Manway Liu, Joseph Lehar, Joshua M. Korn, Dale A. Porter, Michael D. Jones, Javad Golji, Giordano Caponigro, Jordan E. Taylor, Caitlin M. Dunning, Amanda L. Creech, Allison C. Warren, James M. McFarland, Mahdi Zamanighomi, Audrey Kauffmann, Nicolas Stransky, Marcin Imielinski, Yosef E. Maruvka, Andrew D. Cherniack, Aviad Tsherniak, Francisca Vazquez, Jacob D. Jaffe, Andrew Alan Lane, David M. Weinstock, Cory M. Johannessen, Michael P. Morrissey, Frank Stegmeier, Robert Schlegel, William Chun Hahn, Gad Getz, Gordon B. Mills, Jesse S. Boehm, Todd Robert Golub, Levi Alexander Garraway, William Raj Sellers; Show fewer authors
Next-generation characterization of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia.
Nature 569:503-508(2019)

PubMed=31978347; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2019.12.023; PMCID=PMC7339254
David Paul Nusinow, John Szpyt, Mahmoud Ghandi, Christopher M. Rose, E. Robert McDonald 3rd, Marian Kalocsay, Judit Jane-Valbuena, Ellen T. Gelfand, Devin K. Schweppe, Mark P. Jedrychowski, Javad Golji ...Show all 20 authors... , Dale A. Porter, Tomas Rejtar, Y. Karen Wang, Gregory V. Kryukov, Frank Stegmeier, Brian K. Erickson, Levi Alexander Garraway, William Raj Sellers, Steven P. Gygi; Show fewer authors
Quantitative proteomics of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia.
Cell 180:387-402.e16(2020)

DOI=10.5282/edoc.27750
Martin Franz Orth;
Systematic multi-omics profiling of Ewing sarcoma cell lines.
Thesis PhD (2021); Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich; Munich; Germany

PubMed=35839778; DOI=10.1016/j.ccell.2022.06.010; PMCID=PMC9387775
Emanuel Goncalves, Rebecca C. Poulos, Zhao-Xiang Cai, Syd Barthorpe, Srikanth S. Manda, Natasha Lucas, Alexandra Beck, Daniel Bucio-Noble, Michael Dausmann, Caitlin Hall, Michael Hecker ...Show all 32 authors... , Jennifer Koh, Howard Lightfoot, Sadia Mahboob, Iman Mali, James Morris, Laura Richardson, Akila J. Seneviratne, Rebecca Shepherd, Erin Sykes, Frances Thomas, Sara Valentini, Steven G. Williams, Yang-Xiu Wu, Dylan Xavier, Karen L. MacKenzie, Peter G. Hains, Brett Tully, Phillip James Robinson, Qing Zhong, Mathew J. Garnett, Roger Robert Reddel; Show fewer authors
Pan-cancer proteomic map of 949 human cell lines.
Cancer Cell 40:835-849.e8(2022)

PubMed=36476851; DOI=10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111761; PMCID=PMC10333306
Martin Franz Orth, Didier Surdez, Tobias Faehling, Anna C. Ehlers, Aruna Marchetto, Sandrine Grossetete-Lalami, Richard Volckmann, Danny A. Zwijnenburg, Julia Sophie Gerke, Sakina Zaidi, Javier Alonso ...Show all 25 authors... , Ana Sastre, Sylvain Baulande, Martin Sill, Florencia Cidre-Aranaz, Shunya Ohmura, Thomas Kirchner, Stefanie M. Hauck, Eva Reischl, Melissa Gymrek, Stefan Michael Pfister, Konstantin Strauch, Jan Koster, Olivier Delattre, Thomas Georg Philipp Grunewald; Show fewer authors
Systematic multi-omics cell line profiling uncovers principles of Ewing sarcoma fusion oncogene-mediated gene regulation.
Cell Rep. 41:111761.1-111761.28(2022)