ID   Sf9
AC   CVCL_0549
SY   SF9; sf9; SF-9; Sf-9; sf-9; Sf 9; Spodoptera frugiperda clone 9; Sf clone 9; IPLB-Sf-9AE; IPLB-SF-9AE; IPLB-SF-9; IPLB-Sf-9; IPLB-Sf9
DR   BTO; BTO:0001240
DR   CLO; CLO_0008988
DR   CLO; CLO_0008989
DR   CLO; CLO_0008990
DR   MCCL; MCC:0000450
DR   CLDB; cl4277
DR   CLDB; cl4278
DR   CLDB; cl4279
DR   ATCC; CRL-1711
DR   BCRC; 60011
DR   CCRID; 1101INS-PUMC000117
DR   CCRID; 1102INS-NIFDC00107
DR   CCRID; 4201INS-CCTCC00008
DR   CCTCC; GDC0008
DR   CCLV; CCLV-RIE 0352
DR   ChEMBL-Cells; CHEMBL3308860
DR   CLS; 604328
DR   DSMZ; ACC-125
DR   DSMZCellDive; ACC-125
DR   ECACC; 89070101
DR   IBRC; C10127
DR   ICLDB; sf9
DR   IZSLER; BS CL 157
DR   KCB; KCB 92018YJ
DR   KCB; KCB 200807YJ
DR   Lonza; 1014
DR   MeSH; D061987
DR   NCBI_Iran; C425
DR   NISES; SK0002
DR   PubChem_Cell_line; CVCL_0549
DR   RCB; RCB0563
DR   TOKU-E; 3107
DR   Wikidata; Q7459700
RX   DOI=10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01574.x;
RX   DOI=10.11416/jibs2001.71.25;
RX   DOI=10.3923/jas.2007.4040.4043;
RX   PubMed=1367489;
RX   PubMed=1369220;
RX   PubMed=7615077;
RX   PubMed=8050503;
RX   PubMed=8314732;
RX   PubMed=8799737;
RX   PubMed=10718368;
RX   PubMed=10777062;
RX   PubMed=12052082;
RX   PubMed=14668217;
RX   PubMed=15926859;
RX   PubMed=19003226;
RX   PubMed=19941903;
RX   PubMed=20300881;
RX   PubMed=21667340;
RX   PubMed=23891577;
RX   PubMed=24375231;
RX   PubMed=24672045;
RX   PubMed=28423032;
RX   PubMed=28839023;
RX   PubMed=29038528;
RX   PubMed=29133148;
WW   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sf9_(cells)
WW   https://www.atcc.org/en/support/technical-support/faqs/morphology-of-atcc-crl-1711
WW   https://www.thermofisher.com/order/catalog/product/B82501
WW   https://www.thermofisher.com/ch/en/home/technical-resources/cell-lines/s/cell-lines-detail-311.html
WW   https://www.ars.usda.gov/sp2userfiles/person/3489/sf9.pdf
WW   https://oetltd.com/product/sf9-cells/
WW   http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/40052/title/Virus-Found-in-Sf9-Cell-Line/
CC   Group: Insect cell line.
CC   Group: Recombinant protein production insect cell line.
CC   Group: Space-flown cell line (cellonaut).
CC   Group: Vaccine production cell line.
CC   Biotechnology: Used for the production of the Novavax SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) vaccine (Trade name: NVX-CoV2373) (DrugBank=DB15810). The cell line is used to produce the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein rSARS-CoV-2 which is the active part of the vaccine formulation.
CC   Doubling time: 25.2 +- 2.8 hours (Note=At 28 Celsius) (PubMed=10718368); 27 hours (PubMed=21667340); ~50 hours (DSMZ=ACC-125).
CC   Karyotypic information: Heterogeneous, contains a mixture of diploid and tetraploid cells.
CC   Omics: Transcriptome analysis by ESTs sequencing.
CC   Omics: Transcriptome analysis by microarray.
CC   Omics: Genome sequenced.
CC   Anecdotal: Have been flown in space on shuttle flights STS-50 (USML-1), STS-54 and STS-57 (Spacehab-1) to study growth in microgravity (PubMed=8050503).
CC   Caution: The SfRV rhabdovirus found in Sf9 cells of ATCC CRL-1711 lot 5807852 (PubMed=24672045) does not seem to be expressed in CRL-1711 lot 5814 from 1987 (PubMed=28423032). The SfRV genome is integrated in the Sf9 genome.
CC   Discontinued: RCB; RCB0563; true.
CC   Derived from site: In situ; Ovary; UBERON=UBERON_0000992.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=7108; ! Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall armyworm)
HI   CVCL_0518 ! Sf21
SX   Female
AG   Pupal stage
CA   Spontaneously immortalized cell line
DT   Created: 04-04-12; Last updated: 30-01-24; Version: 37
//
RX   DOI=10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01574.x;
RA   Wu C.-Y., Lin H.-F., Wang C.-H., Lo C.-F.;
RT   "Identification of insect cell lines and cell-line cross-contaminations
RT   by nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences.";
RL   J. Appl. Entomol. 135:601-610(2010).
//
RX   DOI=10.11416/jibs2001.71.25;
RA   Iwahori S., Ikeda M., Kobayashi M.;
RT   "Comparative characterization of pcna genes from Hyphantria cunea
RT   nucleopolyhedrovirus, and two cell lines from the fall armyworm,
RT   Spodoptera frugiperda, and the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea.";
RL   J. Insect Biotechnol. Sericol. 71:25-34(2002).
//
RX   DOI=10.3923/jas.2007.4040.4043;
RA   Alhag S.K.N., Yao H.-C., Peng J.-X.;
RT   "Identification of insect cell lines from 8 lepidopteran species by
RT   DNA amplification fingerprinting.";
RL   J. Appl. Sci. 7:4040-4044(2007).
//
RX   PubMed=1367489; DOI=10.1021/bp00007a002;
RA   Hink W.F., Thomsen D.R., Davidson D.J., Meyer A.L., Castellino F.J.;
RT   "Expression of three recombinant proteins using baculovirus vectors in
RT   23 insect cell lines.";
RL   Biotechnol. Prog. 7:9-14(1991).
//
RX   PubMed=1369220; DOI=10.1021/bp00017a003;
RA   Wickham T.J., Davis T., Granados R.R., Shuler M.L., Wood H.A.;
RT   "Screening of insect cell lines for the production of recombinant
RT   proteins and infectious virus in the baculovirus expression system.";
RL   Biotechnol. Prog. 8:391-396(1992).
//
RX   PubMed=7615077; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(95)00640-u;
RA   Tremblay G.B., Sohi S.S., Retnakaran A., MacKenzie R.E.;
RT   "NAD-dependent methylenetetrahydrofolate
RT   dehydrogenase-methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase is targeted to
RT   the cytoplasm in insect cell lines.";
RL   FEBS Lett. 368:177-182(1995).
//
RX   PubMed=8050503; DOI=10.1006/excr.1994.1223;
RA   Moos P.J., Fattaey H.K., Johnson T.C.;
RT   "Cell proliferation inhibition in reduced gravity.";
RL   Exp. Cell Res. 213:458-462(1994).
//
RX   PubMed=8314732; DOI=10.1007/BF02633986;
RA   Davis T.R., Wickham T.J., McKenna K.A., Granados R.R., Shuler M.L.,
RA   Wood H.A.;
RT   "Comparative recombinant protein production of eight insect cell
RT   lines.";
RL   In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. 29:388-390(1993).
//
RX   PubMed=8799737; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-2583.1996.tb00053.x;
RA   McIntosh A.H., Grasela J.J., Matteri R.L.;
RT   "Identification of insect cell lines by DNA amplification
RT   fingerprinting (DAF).";
RL   Insect Mol. Biol. 5:187-195(1996).
//
RX   PubMed=10718368; DOI=10.1290/1071-2690(2000)036<0117:AOAICL>2.0.CO;2;
RA   Gerbal M., Fournier P., Barry P., Mariller M., Odier F.,
RA   Devauchelle G., Duonor-Cerutti M.;
RT   "Adaptation of an insect cell line of Spodoptera frugiperda to grow at
RT   37 degrees C: characterization of an endodiploid clone.";
RL   In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. 36:117-124(2000).
//
RX   PubMed=10777062; DOI=10.1290/1071-2690(2000)036<0205:EOTGFP>2.0.CO;2;
RA   Grasela J.J., McIntosh A.H., Goodman C.L., Wilson L.E., King L.A.;
RT   "Expression of the green fluorescent protein carried by Autographa
RT   californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus in insect cell lines.";
RL   In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. 36:205-210(2000).
//
RX   PubMed=12052082; DOI=10.1021/bp020028;
RA   Jarman-Smith R.F., Armstrong S.J., Mannix C.J., Al-Rubeai M.;
RT   "Chromosome instability in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf-9 cell line.";
RL   Biotechnol. Prog. 18:623-628(2002).
//
RX   PubMed=14668217; DOI=10.1093/bioinformatics/btg324;
RA   Landais I., Ogliastro M., Mita K., Nohata J., Lopez-Ferber M.,
RA   Duonor-Cerutti M., Shimada T., Fournier P., Devauchelle G.;
RT   "Annotation pattern of ESTs from Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells and
RT   analysis of the ribosomal protein genes reveal insect-specific
RT   features and unexpectedly low codon usage bias.";
RL   Bioinformatics 19:2343-2350(2003).
//
RX   PubMed=15926859; DOI=10.1290/0412081.1;
RA   Chen Y.P., Gundersen-Rindal D.E., Lynn D.E.;
RT   "Baculovirus-based expression of an insect viral protein in 12
RT   different insect cell lines.";
RL   In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Anim. 41:43-49(2005).
//
RX   PubMed=19003226; DOI=10.1023/B:CYTO.0000043394.40309.48;
RA   Jarman-Smith R.F., Mannix C.J., Al-Rubeai M.;
RT   "Characterisation of tetraploid and diploid clones of Spodoptera
RT   frugiperda cell line.";
RL   Cytotechnology 44:15-25(2004).
//
RX   PubMed=19941903; DOI=10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.11.022;
RA   Karger A., Bettin B., Lenk M., Mettenleiter T.C.;
RT   "Rapid characterisation of cell cultures by matrix-assisted laser
RT   desorption/ionisation mass spectrometric typing.";
RL   J. Virol. Methods 164:116-121(2010).
//
RX   PubMed=20300881; DOI=10.1007/s12033-010-9268-3;
RA   Krammer F., Schinko T., Palmberger D., Tauer C., Messner P.,
RA   Grabherr R.;
RT   "Trichoplusia ni cells (High Five) are highly efficient for the
RT   production of influenza A virus-like particles: a comparison of two
RT   insect cell lines as production platforms for influenza vaccines.";
RL   Mol. Biotechnol. 45:226-234(2010).
//
RX   PubMed=21667340; DOI=10.1007/s12250-011-3177-x;
RA   Wu Y.-L., Jiang L., Hashimoto Y., Granados R.R., Li G.-X.;
RT   "Establishment, growth kinetics, and susceptibility to AcMNPV of heat
RT   tolerant lepidopteran cell lines.";
RL   Virol. Sin. 26:198-205(2011).
//
RX   PubMed=23891577; DOI=10.1016/j.tiv.2013.07.007;
RA   Curtis T.M., Collins A.M., Gerlach B.D., Brennan L.M., Widder M.W.,
RA   van der Schalie W.H., Vo N.T.K., Bols N.C.;
RT   "Suitability of invertebrate and vertebrate cells in a portable
RT   impedance-based toxicity sensor: temperature mediated impacts on
RT   long-term survival.";
RL   Toxicol. In Vitro 27:2061-2066(2013).
//
RX   PubMed=24375231; DOI=10.1007/s10529-013-1429-6;
RA   Wilde M., Klausberger M., Palmberger D., Ernst W., Grabherr R.;
RT   "Tnao38, high five and Sf9 -- evaluation of host-virus interactions in
RT   three different insect cell lines: baculovirus production and
RT   recombinant protein expression.";
RL   Biotechnol. Lett. 36:743-749(2014).
//
RX   PubMed=24672045; DOI=10.1128/JVI.00780-14;
RA   Ma H.-L., Galvin T.A., Glasner D.R., Shaheduzzaman S., Khan A.S.;
RT   "Identification of a novel rhabdovirus in Spodoptera frugiperda cell
RT   lines.";
RL   J. Virol. 88:6576-6585(2014).
//
RX   PubMed=28423032; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0175633;
RA   Hashimoto Y., Macri D., Srivastava I., McPherson C., Felberbaum R.,
RA   Post P., Cox M.;
RT   "Complete study demonstrating the absence of rhabdovirus in a distinct
RT   Sf9 cell line.";
RL   PLoS ONE 12:E0175633-E0175633(2017).
//
RX   PubMed=28839023; DOI=10.1128/genomeA.00829-17;
RA   Nandakumar S., Ma H.-L., Khan A.S.;
RT   "Whole-genome sequence of the Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 insect cell
RT   line.";
RL   Genome Announc. 5:e00829.17.1-e00829.17.2(2017).
//
RX   PubMed=29038528; DOI=10.1038/s41598-017-12713-9;
RA   Shu B.-S., Zhang J.-J., Sethuraman V., Cui G.-F., Yi X., Zhong G.-H.;
RT   "Transcriptome analysis of Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells reveals
RT   putative apoptosis-related genes and a preliminary apoptosis mechanism
RT   induced by azadirachtin.";
RL   Sci. Rep. 7:13231-13231(2017).
//
RX   PubMed=29133148; DOI=10.1016/j.pep.2017.11.002;
RA   Geisler C., Jarvis D.L.;
RT   "Adventitious viruses in insect cell lines used for recombinant
RT   protein expression.";
RL   Protein Expr. Purif. 144:25-32(2017).
//