ID   DLD-1
AC   CVCL_0248
SY   DLD 1; DLD1; CoCL3
DR   BTO; BTO:0000391
DR   CLO; CLO_0002785
DR   EFO; EFO_0006389
DR   MCCL; MCC:0000138
DR   CLDB; cl1065
DR   CLDB; cl1066
DR   AddexBio; C0009007/36
DR   ArrayExpress; E-MTAB-2706
DR   ATCC; CCL-221
DR   BCRC; 60132
DR   BioGRID_ORCS_Cell_line; 158
DR   BioSample; SAMN01821551
DR   BioSample; SAMN01821680
DR   BioSample; SAMN03472323
DR   cancercelllines; CVCL_0248
DR   CCRID; 1101HUM-PUMC000671
DR   CCRID; 3101HUMTCHu134
DR   CCRID; 4201HUM-CCTCC00620
DR   Cell_Model_Passport; SIDM00787
DR   ChEMBL-Cells; CHEMBL3307580
DR   ChEMBL-Targets; CHEMBL614285
DR   CLS; 300220
DR   ColonAtlas; DLD1
DR   Cosmic; 687519
DR   Cosmic; 755307
DR   Cosmic; 870451
DR   Cosmic; 873699
DR   Cosmic; 876713
DR   Cosmic; 905005
DR   Cosmic; 913890
DR   Cosmic; 934560
DR   Cosmic; 948123
DR   Cosmic; 983737
DR   Cosmic; 985994
DR   Cosmic; 1043810
DR   Cosmic; 1066204
DR   Cosmic; 1122323
DR   Cosmic; 1154643
DR   Cosmic; 1175839
DR   Cosmic; 1184331
DR   Cosmic; 1184082
DR   Cosmic; 1187305
DR   Cosmic; 1223137
DR   Cosmic; 1310949
DR   Cosmic; 1466813
DR   Cosmic; 1479591
DR   Cosmic; 1481418
DR   Cosmic; 1519360
DR   Cosmic; 1524004
DR   Cosmic; 1552176
DR   Cosmic; 1571767
DR   Cosmic; 1609511
DR   Cosmic; 1676737
DR   Cosmic; 1805251
DR   Cosmic; 2301544
DR   Cosmic; 2301972
DR   Cosmic; 2389573
DR   Cosmic; 2464668
DR   Cosmic; 2550352
DR   Cosmic; 2646769
DR   Cosmic; 2650774
DR   Cosmic; 2651870
DR   Cosmic; 2664050
DR   Cosmic; 2667971
DR   Cosmic; 2668249
DR   Cosmic; 2727471
DR   Cosmic; 2727478
DR   Cosmic; 2760067
DR   Cosmic; 2787544
DR   Cosmic; 2811050
DR   DepMap; ACH-001061
DR   DSMZ; ACC-278
DR   DSMZCellDive; ACC-278
DR   ECACC; 90102540
DR   EGA; EGAS00001000610
DR   EGA; EGAS00001002554
DR   ENCODE; ENCBS580BTU
DR   ENCODE; ENCBS621AWM
DR   GEO; GSM206467
DR   GEO; GSM274715
DR   GEO; GSM274716
DR   GEO; GSM274727
DR   GEO; GSM513817
DR   GEO; GSM514291
DR   GEO; GSM741247
DR   GEO; GSM886979
DR   GEO; GSM888048
DR   GEO; GSM1346869
DR   GEO; GSM1374463
DR   GEO; GSM1448161
DR   GEO; GSM1696579
DR   GEO; GSM1696580
DR   GEO; GSM1696581
DR   GEO; GSM1696582
DR   GEO; GSM2549997
DR   IARC_TP53; 18
DR   ICLC; HTL95011
DR   JCRB; JCRB9094
DR   KCB; KCB 2011096YJ
DR   KCLB; 10221
DR   LINCS_LDP; LCL-1175
DR   Lonza; 806
DR   MetaboLights; MTBLS227
DR   PharmacoDB; DLD1_294_2019
DR   PRIDE; PXD000218
DR   PRIDE; PXD001550
DR   PRIDE; PXD005354
DR   PRIDE; PXD005355
DR   RCB; RCB1957
DR   Progenetix; CVCL_0248
DR   PubChem_Cell_line; CVCL_0248
DR   SKY/M-FISH/CGH; 1992
DR   SKY/M-FISH/CGH; 2763
DR   TKG; TKG 0379
DR   TOKU-E; 1078
DR   Wikidata; Q54831148
RX   PubMed=427742;
RX   PubMed=2041050;
RX   PubMed=3335022;
RX   PubMed=6652615;
RX   PubMed=7247963;
RX   PubMed=7621404;
RX   PubMed=7651727;
RX   PubMed=7874267;
RX   PubMed=7972006;
RX   PubMed=8197130;
RX   PubMed=8422623;
RX   PubMed=8464898;
RX   PubMed=9290701;
RX   PubMed=9294210;
RX   PubMed=9515795;
RX   PubMed=9809040;
RX   PubMed=10612807;
RX   PubMed=10674020;
RX   PubMed=10700188;
RX   PubMed=11226274;
RX   PubMed=11414198;
RX   PubMed=11416159;
RX   PubMed=11668190;
RX   PubMed=12068308;
RX   PubMed=12615714;
RX   PubMed=16418264;
RX   PubMed=16854228;
RX   PubMed=18258742;
RX   PubMed=19927377;
RX   PubMed=20570890;
RX   PubMed=20606684;
RX   PubMed=22460905;
RX   PubMed=22490663;
RX   PubMed=23272949;
RX   PubMed=24042735;
RX   PubMed=24755471;
RX   PubMed=25485619;
RX   PubMed=25877200;
RX   PubMed=25841592;
RX   PubMed=25926053;
RX   PubMed=25944804;
RX   PubMed=25960936;
RX   PubMed=25984343;
RX   PubMed=26295583;
RX   PubMed=26537799;
RX   PubMed=26589293;
RX   PubMed=28179481;
RX   PubMed=28192450;
RX   PubMed=28196595;
RX   PubMed=28683746;
RX   PubMed=29101300;
RX   PubMed=30894373;
RX   PubMed=31068700;
RX   PubMed=32172478;
WW   https://dtp.cancer.gov/discovery_development/nci-60/cell_list.htm
WW   https://www.cellosaurus.org/pawefish/ColonCellLineDescriptions/DLD-1.html
WW   https://tcpaportal.org/mclp/
CC   Part of: AstraZeneca Colorectal cell line (AZCL) panel.
CC   Part of: Cancer Dependency Map project (DepMap) (includes Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia - CCLE).
CC   Part of: MD Anderson Cell Lines Project.
CC   Population: Caucasian.
CC   Doubling time: 20 hours (PubMed=427742); 25.27 hours (PubMed=25944804); 33 hours (PubMed=25984343); ~15 hours (CLS=300220); ~48 hours (DSMZ=ACC-278).
CC   HLA typing: A*02:01,24:02; B*08:01,35:01; C*04:01,07:01 (PubMed=25960936).
CC   HLA typing: A*02:01,24:02; B*08:01,08:01; C*04:01,07:01 (PubMed=26589293).
CC   Microsatellite instability: Instable (MSI) (PubMed=10674020; PubMed=24042735; PubMed=24755471; PubMed=28683746; PubMed=25926053).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 173; ACVR2A; Simple; p.Lys437Argfs*5 (c.1310delA); dbSNP=rs764719749; Zygosity=Homozygous (PubMed=12615714).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 583; APC; Simple; p.Arg727Met (c.2180G>T); Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=24755471).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 583; APC; Simple; p.Lys993Asn (c.2979G>T); Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=24755471).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 583; APC; Simple; p.Ile1417Leufs*2 (c.4248delC); Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=24755471).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 583; APC; Simple; p.Arg2166Ter (c.6496C>T); ClinVar=VCV000438883; Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=24755471).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 914; B2M; Simple; c.68-1G>T; Zygosity=Heterozygous; Note=Splice acceptor mutation (PubMed=8197130).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 914; B2M; Simple; p.Tyr30Ter (c.90C>A); Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=8197130).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 3373; EP300; Simple; p.Glu1014Ter (c.3040G>T); Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=10700188).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 6407; KRAS; Simple; p.Gly13Asp (c.38G>A); ClinVar=VCV000012580; Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=12068308; PubMed=20570890; PubMed=24755471; PubMed=28683746).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 8975; PIK3CA; Simple; p.Glu545Lys (c.1633G>A); ClinVar=VCV000013655; Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=20570890; PubMed=24755471; PubMed=28683746).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 8975; PIK3CA; Simple; p.Asp549Asn (c.1645G>A); ClinVar=VCV000375900; Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=20570890; PubMed=24755471; PubMed=28683746).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 11773; TGFBR2; Simple; p.Lys128Serfs*35 (c.383delA); ClinVar=VCV000477546; Zygosity=Heterozygous (PubMed=12615714).
CC   Sequence variation: Mutation; HGNC; 11998; TP53; Simple; p.Ser241Phe (c.722C>T); ClinVar=VCV000012359; Zygosity=Unspecified (PubMed=7651727; PubMed=16418264; PubMed=28683746).
CC   Omics: Deep exome analysis.
CC   Omics: Deep proteome analysis.
CC   Omics: Deep phosphoproteome analysis.
CC   Omics: miRNA expression profiling.
CC   Omics: N-glycan profiling.
CC   Omics: Protein expression by reverse-phase protein arrays.
CC   Omics: shRNA library screening.
CC   Omics: SNP array analysis.
CC   Omics: Transcriptome analysis by microarray.
CC   Omics: Transcriptome analysis by RNAseq.
CC   Genome ancestry: African=0%; Native American=0.31%; East Asian, North=0%; East Asian, South=0.3%; South Asian=2.26%; European, North=64.92%; European, South=32.2% (PubMed=30894373).
CC   Misspelling: DLD; Cosmic=1571767; Cosmic=1676737.
CC   Discontinued: RCB; RCB1957; true.
ST   Source(s): AddexBio; ATCC; CCRID; CLS; DSMZ; ECACC; JCRB; KCLB; PubMed=11416159; PubMed=25877200; PubMed=25926053; TKG
ST   Amelogenin: X,Y
ST   CSF1PO: 11,12 (AddexBio; ATCC; CCRID; DSMZ; ECACC; JCRB; KCLB; PubMed=25877200; PubMed=25926053)
ST   CSF1PO: 12 (CLS; TKG)
ST   D12S391: 19,22
ST   D13S317: 8,11
ST   D16S539: 12,13
ST   D18S51: 11,17
ST   D19S433: 14,16
ST   D21S11: 29,32.2
ST   D2S1338: 17,25
ST   D2S441: 13,15
ST   D3S1358: 17
ST   D5S818: 13
ST   D6S1043: 11,13
ST   D7S820: 10,12
ST   D8S1179: 15
ST   FGA: 22
ST   Penta D: 9,14
ST   Penta E: 7,14
ST   TH01: 7,9.3
ST   TPOX: 8,11
ST   vWA: 18,19
DI   NCIt; C4349; Colon adenocarcinoma
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606; ! Homo sapiens (Human)
HI   CVCL_3449 ! __Parent_cell_line_of_DLD-1/HCT 8/HCT 15/HRT-18
SX   Male
AG   Adult
CA   Cancer cell line
DT   Created: 04-04-12; Last updated: 30-01-24; Version: 45
//
RX   PubMed=427742;
RA   Dexter D.L., Barbosa J.A., Calabresi P.;
RT   "N,N-dimethylformamide-induced alteration of cell culture
RT   characteristics and loss of tumorigenicity in cultured human colon
RT   carcinoma cells.";
RL   Cancer Res. 39:1020-1025(1979).
//
RX   PubMed=2041050; DOI=10.1093/jnci/83.11.757;
RA   Monks A., Scudiero D.A., Skehan P., Shoemaker R.H., Paull K.D.,
RA   Vistica D.T., Hose C.D., Langley J., Cronise P., Vaigro-Wolff A.,
RA   Gray-Goodrich M., Campbell H., Mayo J.G., Boyd M.R.;
RT   "Feasibility of a high-flux anticancer drug screen using a diverse
RT   panel of cultured human tumor cell lines.";
RL   J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 83:757-766(1991).
//
RX   PubMed=3335022;
RA   Alley M.C., Scudiero D.A., Monks A., Hursey M.L., Czerwinski M.J.,
RA   Fine D.L., Abbott B.J., Mayo J.G., Shoemaker R.H., Boyd M.R.;
RT   "Feasibility of drug screening with panels of human tumor cell lines
RT   using a microculture tetrazolium assay.";
RL   Cancer Res. 48:589-601(1988).
//
RX   PubMed=6652615; DOI=10.1016/0165-4608(83)90092-4;
RA   Chen T.-R., Hay R.J., Macy M.L.;
RT   "Intercellular karyotypic similarity in near-diploid cell lines of
RT   human tumor origins.";
RL   Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 10:351-362(1983).
//
RX   PubMed=7247963; DOI=10.1016/0006-2952(81)90167-2;
RA   Crabtree G.W., Dexter D.L., Stoeckler J.D., Savarese T.M., Ghoda L.Y.,
RA   Rogler-Brown T.L., Calabresi P., Parks R.E. Jr.;
RT   "Activities of purine-metabolizing enzymes in human colon carcinoma
RT   cell lines and xenograft tumors.";
RL   Biochem. Pharmacol. 30:793-798(1981).
//
RX   PubMed=7621404; DOI=10.1016/0165-4608(94)00225-z;
RA   Chen T.R., Dorotinsky C.S., McGuire L.J., Macy M.L., Hay R.J.;
RT   "DLD-1 and HCT-15 cell lines derived separately from colorectal
RT   carcinomas have totally different chromosome changes but the same
RT   genetic origin.";
RL   Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 81:103-108(1995).
//
RX   PubMed=7651727;
RA   Kastrinakis W.V., Ramchurren N., Rieger K.M., Hess D.T., Loda M.,
RA   Steele G., Summerhayes I.C.;
RT   "Increased incidence of p53 mutations is associated with hepatic
RT   metastasis in colorectal neoplastic progression.";
RL   Oncogene 11:647-652(1995).
//
RX   PubMed=7874267; DOI=10.1007/BF02349278;
RA   Ikuta S., Itoh F., Hinoda Y., Toyota M., Makiguchi Y., Imai K.,
RA   Yachi A.;
RT   "Expression of cytoskeletal-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase
RT   PTPH1 mRNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma.";
RL   J. Gastroenterol. 29:727-732(1994).
//
RX   PubMed=7972006; DOI=10.1073/pnas.91.23.11045;
RA   Okamoto A., Demetrick D.J., Spillare E.A., Hagiwara K., Hussain S.P.,
RA   Bennett W.P., Forrester K., Gerwin B.I., Serrano M., Beach D.H.,
RA   Harris C.C.;
RT   "Mutations and altered expression of p16INK4 in human cancer.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:11045-11049(1994).
//
RX   PubMed=8197130; DOI=10.1073/pnas.91.11.4751;
RA   Bicknell D.C., Rowan A.J., Bodmer W.F.;
RT   "Beta 2-microglobulin gene mutations: a study of established
RT   colorectal cell lines and fresh tumors.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:4751-4755(1994).
//
RX   PubMed=8422623; DOI=10.1002/1097-0142(19930115)71:2<315::AID-CNCR2820710208>3.0.CO;2-B;
RA   Tibbetts L.M., Doremus C.M., Tzanakakis G.N., Vezeridis M.P.;
RT   "Liver metastases with 10 human colon carcinoma cell lines in nude
RT   mice and association with carcinoembryonic antigen production.";
RL   Cancer 71:315-321(1993).
//
RX   PubMed=8464898; DOI=10.1073/pnas.90.7.2842;
RA   Browning M.J., Krausa P., Rowan A.J., Bicknell D.C., Bodmer J.G.,
RA   Bodmer W.F.;
RT   "Tissue typing the HLA-A locus from genomic DNA by sequence-specific
RT   PCR: comparison of HLA genotype and surface expression on colorectal
RT   tumor cell lines.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:2842-2845(1993).
//
RX   PubMed=9290701; DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1098-2744(199708)19:4<243::AID-MC5>3.0.CO;2-D;
RA   Jia L.-Q., Osada M., Ishioka C., Gamo M., Ikawa S., Suzuki T.,
RA   Shimodaira H., Niitani T., Kudo T., Akiyama M., Kimura N., Matsuo M.,
RA   Mizusawa H., Tanaka N., Koyama H., Namba M., Kanamaru R., Kuroki T.;
RT   "Screening the p53 status of human cell lines using a yeast functional
RT   assay.";
RL   Mol. Carcinog. 19:243-253(1997).
//
RX   PubMed=9294210; DOI=10.1073/pnas.94.19.10330;
RA   Ilyas M., Tomlinson I.P.M., Rowan A.J., Pignatelli M., Bodmer W.F.;
RT   "Beta-catenin mutations in cell lines established from human
RT   colorectal cancers.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:10330-10334(1997).
//
RX   PubMed=9515795;
RA   Sparks A.B., Morin P.J., Vogelstein B., Kinzler K.W.;
RT   "Mutational analysis of the APC/beta-catenin/Tcf pathway in colorectal
RT   cancer.";
RL   Cancer Res. 58:1130-1134(1998).
//
RX   PubMed=9809040; DOI=10.1016/S0165-4608(98)00081-8;
RA   Vermeulen S.J., Chen T.-R., Speleman F., Nollet F., Van Roy F.M.,
RA   Mareel M.M.;
RT   "Did the four human cancer cell lines DLD-1, HCT-15, HCT-8, and HRT-18
RT   originate from one and the same patient?";
RL   Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. 107:76-79(1998).
//
RX   PubMed=10612807; DOI=10.1002/(SICI)1098-2264(200002)27:2<183::AID-GCC10>3.0.CO;2-P;
RA   Ghadimi B.M., Sackett D.L., Difilippantonio M.J., Schrock E.,
RA   Neumann T., Jauho A., Auer G., Ried T.;
RT   "Centrosome amplification and instability occurs exclusively in
RT   aneuploid, but not in diploid colorectal cancer cell lines, and
RT   correlates with numerical chromosomal aberrations.";
RL   Genes Chromosomes Cancer 27:183-190(2000).
//
RX   PubMed=10674020; DOI=10.1016/S0959-8049(99)00206-3;
RA   Ku J.-L., Yoon K.-A., Kim D.-Y., Park J.-G.;
RT   "Mutations in hMSH6 alone are not sufficient to cause the
RT   microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer cell lines.";
RL   Eur. J. Cancer 35:1724-1729(1999).
//
RX   PubMed=10700188; DOI=10.1038/73536;
RA   Gayther S.A., Batley S.J., Linger L., Bannister A.J., Thorpe K.,
RA   Chin S.-F., Daigo Y., Russell P., Wilson A., Sowter H.M.,
RA   Delhanty J.D.A., Ponder B.A.J., Kouzarides T., Caldas C.;
RT   "Mutations truncating the EP300 acetylase in human cancers.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 24:300-303(2000).
//
RX   PubMed=11226274; DOI=10.1073/pnas.041603298;
RA   Abdel-Rahman W.M., Katsura K., Rens W., Gorman P.A., Sheer D.,
RA   Bicknell D.C., Bodmer W.F., Arends M.J., Wyllie A.H., Edwards P.A.W.;
RT   "Spectral karyotyping suggests additional subsets of colorectal
RT   cancers characterized by pattern of chromosome rearrangement.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:2538-2543(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=11414198; DOI=10.1007/s004320000207;
RA   Lahm H., Andre S., Hoeflich A., Fischer J.R., Sordat B., Kaltner H.,
RA   Wolf E., Gabius H.-J.;
RT   "Comprehensive galectin fingerprinting in a panel of 61 human tumor
RT   cell lines by RT-PCR and its implications for diagnostic and
RT   therapeutic procedures.";
RL   J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 127:375-386(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=11416159; DOI=10.1073/pnas.121616198;
RA   Masters J.R.W., Thomson J.A., Daly-Burns B., Reid Y.A., Dirks W.G.,
RA   Packer P., Toji L.H., Ohno T., Tanabe H., Arlett C.F., Kelland L.R.,
RA   Harrison M., Virmani A.K., Ward T.H., Ayres K.L., Debenham P.G.;
RT   "Short tandem repeat profiling provides an international reference
RT   standard for human cell lines.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:8012-8017(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=11668190; DOI=10.1177/002215540104901105;
RA   Quentmeier H., Osborn M., Reinhardt J., Zaborski M., Drexler H.G.;
RT   "Immunocytochemical analysis of cell lines derived from solid
RT   tumors.";
RL   J. Histochem. Cytochem. 49:1369-1378(2001).
//
RX   PubMed=12068308; DOI=10.1038/nature00766;
RA   Davies H., Bignell G.R., Cox C., Stephens P.J., Edkins S., Clegg S.,
RA   Teague J.W., Woffendin H., Garnett M.J., Bottomley W., Davis N.,
RA   Dicks E., Ewing R., Floyd Y., Gray K., Hall S., Hawes R., Hughes J.,
RA   Kosmidou V., Menzies A., Mould C., Parker A., Stevens C., Watt S.,
RA   Hooper S., Wilson R., Jayatilake H., Gusterson B.A., Cooper C.S.,
RA   Shipley J.M., Hargrave D., Pritchard-Jones K., Maitland N.J.,
RA   Chenevix-Trench G., Riggins G.J., Bigner D.D., Palmieri G., Cossu A.,
RA   Flanagan A.M., Nicholson A., Ho J.W.C., Leung S.Y., Yuen S.T.,
RA   Weber B.L., Seigler H.F., Darrow T.L., Paterson H.F., Marais R.,
RA   Marshall C.J., Wooster R., Stratton M.R., Futreal P.A.;
RT   "Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer.";
RL   Nature 417:949-954(2002).
//
RX   PubMed=12615714;
RA   Hempen P.M., Zhang L., Bansal R.K., Iacobuzio-Donahue C.A.,
RA   Murphy K.M., Maitra A., Vogelstein B., Whitehead R.H., Markowitz S.D.,
RA   Willson J.K.V., Yeo C.J., Hruban R.H., Kern S.E.;
RT   "Evidence of selection for clones having genetic inactivation of the
RT   activin A type II receptor (ACVR2) gene in gastrointestinal cancers.";
RL   Cancer Res. 63:994-999(2003).
//
RX   PubMed=16418264; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0510146103;
RA   Liu Y., Bodmer W.F.;
RT   "Analysis of P53 mutations and their expression in 56 colorectal
RT   cancer cell lines.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:976-981(2006).
//
RX   PubMed=16854228; DOI=10.1186/1476-4598-5-29;
RA   Bandres E., Cubedo E., Agirre X., Malumbres R., Zarate R., Ramirez N.,
RA   Abajo A., Navarro A., Moreno I., Monzo M., Garcia-Foncillas J.;
RT   "Identification by real-time PCR of 13 mature microRNAs differentially
RT   expressed in colorectal cancer and non-tumoral tissues.";
RL   Mol. Cancer 5:29.1-29.10(2006).
//
RX   PubMed=18258742; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0712176105;
RA   Emaduddin M., Bicknell D.C., Bodmer W.F., Feller S.M.;
RT   "Cell growth, global phosphotyrosine elevation, and c-Met
RT   phosphorylation through Src family kinases in colorectal cancer
RT   cells.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:2358-2362(2008).
//
RX   PubMed=19927377; DOI=10.1002/gcc.20730;
RA   Knutsen T., Padilla-Nash H.M., Wangsa D., Barenboim-Stapleton L.,
RA   Camps J., McNeil N.E., Difilippantonio M.J., Ried T.;
RT   "Definitive molecular cytogenetic characterization of 15 colorectal
RT   cancer cell lines.";
RL   Genes Chromosomes Cancer 49:204-223(2010).
//
RX   PubMed=20570890; DOI=10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-0192;
RA   Janakiraman M., Vakiani E., Zeng Z.-S., Pratilas C.A., Taylor B.S.,
RA   Chitale D., Halilovic E., Wilson M., Huberman K., Ricarte Filho J.C.M.,
RA   Persaud Y., Levine D.A., Fagin J.A., Jhanwar S.C., Mariadason J.M.,
RA   Lash A., Ladanyi M., Saltz L.B., Heguy A., Paty P.B., Solit D.B.;
RT   "Genomic and biological characterization of exon 4 KRAS mutations in
RT   human cancer.";
RL   Cancer Res. 70:5901-5911(2010).
//
RX   PubMed=20606684; DOI=10.1038/sj.bjc.6605780;
RA   Bracht K., Nicholls A.M., Liu Y., Bodmer W.F.;
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